| 1. | The concept of basic criterion for sentencing
关于量刑基准的概念，学术界意见不一。 |
| 2. | 2 . the theoretical evidence of making basic criterion for sentencing . in term of basic criterio
适用性量刑基准应当主要由最高人民法院制定，因为，它实质上类似于司 |
| 3. | But most of scholars in mainland think basic criterion for sentencing is basic consideration which a criminal should be punished under the state of completed offense
但我国大陆学者一般认为，量刑基准是指某一犯罪在既遂状态下刑罚自然量的基本标准。 |
| 4. | To summarize all ideas , i think the basic criterion for sentencing is the principle , element and weight of punishment , for the typical state of criminals , that judges should consider over when they try cases
笔者综合各种意见后认为，量刑基准是法官量刑时应当考虑的原则、要素和犯罪在典型形态下应当适用的一定的刑罚分量。 |
| 5. | The scholars from mainland china said there is no difference between the concept of basic criterion for sentencing and the principle of sentencing in terms of the harm to society and the danger to human being
我国大陆学者也有持这种观点的，比如陈兴良、张明楷先生就认为，量刑基准与量刑原则的含义基本相同，是指社会危害性和人身危险性。 |
| 6. | I choose the basic criterion for sentencing as the topic of my dissertation for the following reasons . first of all , in chinese criminal law it is considered insufficiently for the rule and elements on the discretionary action of sentencing
本文的题目为“量刑基准论” ，之所以选择这个论题，首先是因为我国刑法中对量刑时应考虑的原则、要素规定的不全面、不详细。 |
| 7. | But in an american book the guidance for sentencing , in which the author related the hierarchy of criminal and its corresponding penalty are similar with the concept of the basic criterion for sentencing of application related in my dissertation
关于制定量刑基准的理论依据，对原则性量刑基准而言，笔者认为应当以行为责任为主、人格责任为辅。对适用性量刑基准而言，有罪刑相适应原则，刑罚个别化原则等。 |
| 8. | The first part is the general theory on criterion for sentencing . the second part is the special theory of basic criterion for sentencing . in the first part , i ' ll show the concept of the basic criterion for sentencing ; the theoretical evidence of making the basic criterion for sentencing ; the development and present situation of it and author ' s comments on it ; the theory and the assumption of making the basic criterion for sentencing in china ; the official body of making the basic criterion for sentencing ; the courts carry out the criterion by the way of consulting or by the way of accordance ; the main elements of sentencing when judges try cases according to this criterion etc . 1
第一部分从第一章到第四章，为量刑基准总论，主要论述量刑基准的概念；制定量刑基准的理论依据；国外、国内有关量刑基准理论的进展、量刑基准的制定情况、实践情况和作者的评论；我国制定量刑基准的理论和设想；适用性量刑基准应当由什么机关制定，制定后人民法院是参照执行还是依照执行；依照适用性量刑基准量刑时应当考虑的主要量刑要素；法定量刑要素、酌定量刑要素具体运用时影响量刑幅度的大小，对几种常见的量刑要素进行分析，如自首、立功、累犯等，确定其影响量刑的幅度等等。 |
| 9. | This concept contains two basic criterion - the basic criterion for sentencing of the principle and the one of the application . the former is the executive condition of the later one . there are no concept of basic criterion for sentencing both in british and america criminal law
量刑基准之所以包括两个部分，是因为不对原则性的量刑基准即量刑应当考虑的原则、要素明确规定并确定它们影响量刑的幅度，就不可能制定正确的适用性量刑基准，也不可能正确执行适用性的量刑基准。 |
| 10. | Therefore there are two points of views on the basic criterion for sentencing . one is that judges should consider the principle and element of sentencing when they pass sentences . the other is the typical state of criminals should be considered when judges pass sentencing according to or consulting the criterion and scope of penalty
可见，关于量刑基准的内涵学者们主要有两种意见，一种意见是，量刑时应当考虑的量刑原则和要素，另一种意见是，量刑时对犯罪的典型形态应当依照或者参照的刑罚中国政法人学博士学位论文量刑基准论幅度标准。 |
